Synchronicity Index - Revision history

Admin at 16:45, 26 December 2024

2024-12-26T16:45:06Z

← Older revision		Revision as of 17:45, 26 December 2024
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	\|style = "font-size:110%; color:black; background: gainsboro \|'''Navigation'''</br>		\|style = "font-size:110%; color:black; background: gainsboro \|'''Navigation'''</br>
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	\|<span style="font-size:110%">>[[Index\|~~Previous~~ Page]]''</span></br>		\|<span style="font-size:110%">>[[Index\|Return to Index Page]]''</span></br>
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	\|colspan="1" style = "font-size:140%; color:black; background: FFFAFA"\|<span style="color:black>'''Synchronous development of parasites'''</span>		\|colspan="1" style = "font-size:140%; color:black; background: FFFAFA"\|<span style="color:black>'''Synchronous development of parasites'''</span>

Admin at 09:39, 17 December 2024

2024-12-17T09:39:17Z

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	\|style = "font-size:110%; color:black; background: gainsboro \|'''Navigation'''</br>		\|style = "font-size:110%; color:black; background: gainsboro \|'''Navigation'''</br>
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	\|<span style="font-size:110%">>[[~~Plasmodium_falciparum:_Morphology~~\|Previous Page]]''</span></br>		\|<span style="font-size:110%">>[[Index\|Previous Page]]''</span></br>
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Admin at 09:37, 17 December 2024

2024-12-17T09:37:56Z

← Older revision		Revision as of 10:37, 17 December 2024
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	~~\|colspan="1" style = "font-size:130%; color:black; background: FFFAFA"\|<span style="color:black>'''Ring forms'''</span>~~

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	~~<gallery mode="nolines" widths="220px" heights="220px" >~~
	~~File:Ring_special.jpg\|link={{filepath:Ring_special.jpg}}~~
	~~File:Ring_special_clinical.jpg\|link={{filepath:Ring_special_clinical.jpg}}~~
	~~</gallery>~~

	~~<span style="font-size:90%>The earliest stage following red cell invasion has a typical ting form:</br>a = chromatin dot</br>b = digestive vacuole</br>c = parasite cytoplasm</span>~~
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	~~<span style="color:navy>'''Description'''</span>~~


	<span style="font-size:100%>At the earliest stage of red cell infection parasites of all species have the form of a "ring". Distinction between species at this stage may not be easy (or even possible). However as the parasites mature and develop differences between species become more apparent. In some species the ring appearance is maintained until late stages of maturation, in others it is lost progressively as they mature.</br></br>The different appearances of rings (or indeed their loss) can be very useful in identifying the different malaria species. For details see individual species descriptions or galleries.


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Admin at 09:36, 17 December 2024

2024-12-17T09:36:45Z

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Admin at 18:10, 6 December 2024

2024-12-06T18:10:17Z

← Older revision		Revision as of 19:10, 6 December 2024
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	\|colspan="1" style = "font-size:140%; color:black; background: FFFAFA"\|<span style="color:black>'''~~Synchronour~~ development of parasites'''</span>		\|colspan="1" style = "font-size:140%; color:black; background: FFFAFA"\|<span style="color:black>'''Synchronous development of parasites'''</span>

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Admin at 16:52, 5 December 2024

2024-12-05T16:52:20Z

← Older revision		Revision as of 17:52, 5 December 2024
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	File:PFET-synchronous.jpg\|link={{filepath:PFET-synchronous.jpg}}		File:PFET-synchronous.jpg\|link={{filepath:PFET-synchronous.jpg}}
	</gallery>		</gallery>
	<span style="font-size:90%>''P.falciparum'' commonly the sole parasite stage visible will be early trophozoites</span></br></br>		<span style="font-size:90%>'' ''P.falciparum'' commonly the sole parasite stage visible will be early trophozoites''</span></br></br>
	<span style="font-size:90%>While the precise reasons and mechanisms of synchronicity are not fully clear, the biological effects can be clearly seen in some cases where the stages of invasion of erythrocytes, their asexual replication, then their escape from schizonts each occur in unison. The process appears to reflect the normal circadian rhythms of host hormones, with changes seen to affect both in gene expression and parasite behaviour. This synchronicity results in parasites in blood reflecting only a single stage. </br></br></span>		<span style="font-size:90%>While the precise reasons and mechanisms of synchronicity are not fully clear, the biological effects can be clearly seen in some cases where the stages of invasion of erythrocytes, their asexual replication, then their escape from schizonts each occur in unison. The process appears to reflect the normal circadian rhythms of host hormones, with changes seen to affect both in gene expression and parasite behaviour. This synchronicity results in parasites in blood reflecting only a single stage. </br></br></span>
	<span style="font-size:90%>It is thought that the fevers in malaria are caused by the sudden antigen load that occurs during schizont release</br></br></span>		<span style="font-size:90%>It is thought that the fevers in malaria are caused by the sudden antigen load that occurs during schizont release</br></br></span>
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	File:Schizont_release.jpg\|link={{filepath:Schizont_release.jpg}}		File:Schizont_release.jpg\|link={{filepath:Schizont_release.jpg}}
	</gallery>		</gallery>
	<span style="font-size:90%>The release of merozoites from mature schizonts also causes release o pigment and other parasite material that can cause an abrupt immune activation and pyrxia</span></br></br>		<span style="font-size:90%>''The release of merozoites from mature schizonts also causes release o pigment and other parasite material that can cause an abrupt immune activation and pyrxia''</span></br></br>
	<span style="font-size:90%>Therefore, when schizont release is synchronous it can lead to the recognised phenomena of periodic fevers: e.g. in ''P.falciparum'' infection untreated individuals may exhibit fever cycles,with a 48-hour cycle so the periodicity corresponding to periods of abrupt schizont release (“tertian malaria”). This is not absolute with some infections appearing synchronous and others not.</span>		<span style="font-size:90%>Therefore, when schizont release is synchronous it can lead to the recognised phenomena of periodic fevers: e.g. in ''P.falciparum'' infection untreated individuals may exhibit fever cycles,with a 48-hour cycle so the periodicity corresponding to periods of abrupt schizont release (“tertian malaria”). This is not absolute with some infections appearing synchronous and others not.</span>

Admin at 16:51, 5 December 2024

2024-12-05T16:51:18Z

← Older revision		Revision as of 17:51, 5 December 2024
Line 20:		Line 20:
	File:Schizont_release.jpg\|link={{filepath:Schizont_release.jpg}}		File:Schizont_release.jpg\|link={{filepath:Schizont_release.jpg}}
	</gallery>		</gallery>
			<span style="font-size:90%>The release of merozoites from mature schizonts also causes release o pigment and other parasite material that can cause an abrupt immune activation and pyrxia</span></br></br>
	<span style="font-size:90%>Therefore, when schizont release is synchronous it can lead to the recognised phenomena of periodic fevers: e.g. in ''P.falciparum'' infection untreated individuals may exhibit fever cycles,with a 48-hour cycle so the periodicity corresponding to periods of abrupt schizont release (“tertian malaria”). This is not absolute with some infections appearing synchronous and others not.</span>		<span style="font-size:90%>Therefore, when schizont release is synchronous it can lead to the recognised phenomena of periodic fevers: e.g. in ''P.falciparum'' infection untreated individuals may exhibit fever cycles,with a 48-hour cycle so the periodicity corresponding to periods of abrupt schizont release (“tertian malaria”). This is not absolute with some infections appearing synchronous and others not.</span>

Admin at 16:49, 5 December 2024

2024-12-05T16:49:31Z

← Older revision		Revision as of 17:49, 5 December 2024
Line 14:		Line 14:
	File:PFET-synchronous.jpg\|link={{filepath:PFET-synchronous.jpg}}		File:PFET-synchronous.jpg\|link={{filepath:PFET-synchronous.jpg}}
	</gallery>		</gallery>
			<span style="font-size:90%>''P.falciparum'' commonly the sole parasite stage visible will be early trophozoites</span></br></br>
	<span style="font-size:90%>While the precise reasons and mechanisms of synchronicity are not fully clear, the biological effects can be clearly seen in some cases where the stages of invasion of erythrocytes, their asexual replication, then their escape from schizonts each occur in unison. The process appears to reflect the normal circadian rhythms of host hormones, with changes seen to affect both in gene expression and parasite behaviour. This synchronicity results in parasites in blood reflecting only a single stage. </br></br></span>		<span style="font-size:90%>While the precise reasons and mechanisms of synchronicity are not fully clear, the biological effects can be clearly seen in some cases where the stages of invasion of erythrocytes, their asexual replication, then their escape from schizonts each occur in unison. The process appears to reflect the normal circadian rhythms of host hormones, with changes seen to affect both in gene expression and parasite behaviour. This synchronicity results in parasites in blood reflecting only a single stage. </br></br></span>
	<span style="font-size:90%>It is thought that the fevers in malaria are caused by the sudden antigen load that occurs during schizont release</br></br></span>		<span style="font-size:90%>It is thought that the fevers in malaria are caused by the sudden antigen load that occurs during schizont release</br></br></span>

Admin at 16:47, 5 December 2024

2024-12-05T16:47:43Z

← Older revision		Revision as of 17:47, 5 December 2024
Line 12:		Line 12:
	<span style="font-size:90%>In some malaria infections (particularly with ''P.falciparum'' or with ''P.knowlesi'') there may be only a single parasite stage visible in blood – this is most often the early trophozoite stage. This process is partly a reflection of the interesting phenomenon of “synchronicity” of parasite development.</br></br></span>		<span style="font-size:90%>In some malaria infections (particularly with ''P.falciparum'' or with ''P.knowlesi'') there may be only a single parasite stage visible in blood – this is most often the early trophozoite stage. This process is partly a reflection of the interesting phenomenon of “synchronicity” of parasite development.</br></br></span>
	<gallery mode="nolines" widths="220px" heights="220px" >		<gallery mode="nolines" widths="220px" heights="220px" >
	File:~~PFET_synchronous~~.jpg\|link={{filepath:~~PFET_synchronous~~.jpg}}		File:PFET-synchronous.jpg\|link={{filepath:PFET-synchronous.jpg}}
	</gallery>		</gallery>
	<span style="font-size:90%>While the precise reasons and mechanisms of synchronicity are not fully clear, the biological effects can be clearly seen in some cases where the stages of invasion of erythrocytes, their asexual replication, then their escape from schizonts each occur in unison. The process appears to reflect the normal circadian rhythms of host hormones, with changes seen to affect both in gene expression and parasite behaviour. This synchronicity results in parasites in blood reflecting only a single stage. </br></br></span>		<span style="font-size:90%>While the precise reasons and mechanisms of synchronicity are not fully clear, the biological effects can be clearly seen in some cases where the stages of invasion of erythrocytes, their asexual replication, then their escape from schizonts each occur in unison. The process appears to reflect the normal circadian rhythms of host hormones, with changes seen to affect both in gene expression and parasite behaviour. This synchronicity results in parasites in blood reflecting only a single stage. </br></br></span>

Admin at 16:45, 5 December 2024

2024-12-05T16:45:04Z

← Older revision		Revision as of 17:45, 5 December 2024
Line 12:		Line 12:
	<span style="font-size:90%>In some malaria infections (particularly with ''P.falciparum'' or with ''P.knowlesi'') there may be only a single parasite stage visible in blood – this is most often the early trophozoite stage. This process is partly a reflection of the interesting phenomenon of “synchronicity” of parasite development.</br></br></span>		<span style="font-size:90%>In some malaria infections (particularly with ''P.falciparum'' or with ''P.knowlesi'') there may be only a single parasite stage visible in blood – this is most often the early trophozoite stage. This process is partly a reflection of the interesting phenomenon of “synchronicity” of parasite development.</br></br></span>
	<gallery mode="nolines" widths="220px" heights="220px" >		<gallery mode="nolines" widths="220px" heights="220px" >
	File:~~Schuffner_dots~~.jpg\|link={{filepath:~~Schuffner_dots~~.jpg}}		File:PFET_synchronous.jpg\|link={{filepath:PFET_synchronous.jpg}}
	</gallery>		</gallery>
	<span style="font-size:90%>While the precise reasons and mechanisms of synchronicity are not fully clear, the biological effects can be clearly seen in some cases where the stages of invasion of erythrocytes, their asexual replication, then their escape from schizonts each occur in unison. The process appears to reflect the normal circadian rhythms of host hormones, with changes seen to affect both in gene expression and parasite behaviour. This synchronicity results in parasites in blood reflecting only a single stage. </br></br></span>		<span style="font-size:90%>While the precise reasons and mechanisms of synchronicity are not fully clear, the biological effects can be clearly seen in some cases where the stages of invasion of erythrocytes, their asexual replication, then their escape from schizonts each occur in unison. The process appears to reflect the normal circadian rhythms of host hormones, with changes seen to affect both in gene expression and parasite behaviour. This synchronicity results in parasites in blood reflecting only a single stage. </br></br></span>
	<span style="font-size:90%>It is thought that the fevers in malaria are caused by the sudden antigen load that occurs during schizont release</br></br></span>		<span style="font-size:90%>It is thought that the fevers in malaria are caused by the sudden antigen load that occurs during schizont release</br></br></span>
	<gallery mode="nolines" widths="220px" heights="220px" >		<gallery mode="nolines" widths="220px" heights="220px" >
	File:~~Schuffner_dots~~.jpg\|link={{filepath:~~Schuffner_dots~~.jpg}}		File:Schizont_release.jpg\|link={{filepath:Schizont_release.jpg}}
	</gallery>		</gallery>
	<span style="font-size:90%>Therefore, when schizont release is synchronous it can lead to the recognised phenomena of periodic fevers: e.g. in ''P.falciparum'' infection untreated individuals may exhibit fever cycles,with a 48-hour cycle so the periodicity corresponding to periods of abrupt schizont release (“tertian malaria”). This is not absolute with some infections appearing synchronous and others not.</span>		<span style="font-size:90%>Therefore, when schizont release is synchronous it can lead to the recognised phenomena of periodic fevers: e.g. in ''P.falciparum'' infection untreated individuals may exhibit fever cycles,with a 48-hour cycle so the periodicity corresponding to periods of abrupt schizont release (“tertian malaria”). This is not absolute with some infections appearing synchronous and others not.</span>